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Volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine （VOTCM） is a plant volatile component obtained through distillation or supercritical fluid extraction. The volatile oil is rich in terpenes and phenylpropanoids， with many different effect. It is not only widely used in healthcare products， but also has a variety of pharmacological effect， such as analgesia， antioxidant， antibacterial， anti-inflammatory， anti-tumor effect. Malignant tumor is an important threat to human health. At present， the drugs commonly used in clinical treatment of tumors are expensive with certain toxic and side effect. Although new treatment technologies are also being promoted step by step， they have higher treatment costs than traditional chemotherapies， and the long-term efficacy remained to be further confirmed. The effect of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） on cancer is receiving more and more attention. In particular， it has a significant inhibitory effect on lung， liver， colon， and stomach cancer. Specifically， it can not only reduce the side effect of chemotherapy drugs， but also effectively prolong or stop the tumor recurrence， with special effects in treatment and adjuvant treatment. At the same time， various anti-tumor mechanisms of volatile oils have been discovered， such as inducing tumor cell apoptosis， inhibiting tumor blood vessel formation， inhibiting tumor cell proliferation， inducing tumor cell differentiation， interfering with multidrug resistance， and regulating the body's immune function. However， there are still some problems in the basic research， achievement transformation， and product development of volatile oil of TCM， which restricts its clinical and daily application. This paper summarizes the antitumor mechanism of volatile oil of TCM by consulting relevant domestic and foreign literatures， analyzes the current situation of volatile oils， and proposes improvement directions for its problems and development， in the expectation of laying the foundation for the research of volatile oil of TCM in anti-tumor research.
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Leukemia is a hematopoietic hyperplastic disease with an increasing incidence year by year, involving bone marrow and lymphatic system. The disease is complex and a highly heterogeneous disease, including a variety of subtypes, with difficulties in treatment and a poor prognosis. Currently, retinoic acid and its derivatives, arsenic are commonly used in clinical treatment as leukemia cell differentiation inducers. However, their clinical range of treatment is mostly restricted to granulocytic leukemia, with a high price and certain toxic and side effects. With the development of molecular genetics, molecular biology, second-generation sequencing and other technologies, the etiology and pathology of leukemia has been significantly studied, but the specific pathogenesis of leukemia has still been unclear. With the further promotion of molecular targeted drugs, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy (CAR-T) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, although the treatment of leukemia has entered a new field, compared with traditional chemotherapy, these therapies have high costs, and the long-term efficacy is yet to be further confirmed. After years of basic research and clinical research, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) volatile oil in the treatment of leukemia has made remarkable achievements. Essential oil can alleviate the toxic and side effect of chemotherapy drugs, effectively prolong or prevent the relapse of leukemia, inhibit the proliferation of leukemia cells, and promote the apoptosis of leukemia cells. In this paper, the authors reviewed relevant domestic and foreign literatures by literature tracking method, summarized the anti-leukemia mechanism of essential oil of TCM, analyzed the characteristics and existing problems of essential oil of TCM, and proposed the improvement direction, in order to provide reference for accelerating the research and development and innovation of essential oil in the treatment of leukemia.
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Rosmarini Officinalis Herba is a common shrubby aromatic plant, which is widely used in traditional food and folk medicine. At present, most of relevant researches focus on rosemary's essential oil, ethanol and water extract, which not only plays an important role in food preservation, preservation and condiments, but also is often used to improve acne, dandruff, circulation function, alleviate muscle pain and fatigue and treat asthma, bronchitis. It has a high application value, and a variety of other pharmacological effects. However, Rosmarini Officinalis Herba has not been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, with no quality evaluation standard for its medicinal use. The products in the market may have some potential safety hazards in the use process. Therefore, the full understanding of the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of rosemary is crucial for a comprehensive study of the properties and applications of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba. Through the collation and analysis of relevant literatures at home and abroad, it is concluded that Rosmarini Officinalis Herba has anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-depression and other pharmacological effects. The chemical constituents extracted from Rosmarini Officinalis Herba are rich in acid phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids and essential oils. Up to now, there are no systematic and comprehensive report on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba. This paper reviews the progress of the researches on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba, and discusses its application, in the expectation to lay a foundation for the future research on food development, drug research and clinical application of rosemary.
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Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of pulmonary and extra pulmonary paragonimiasis westermani. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 30 patients diagnosed by clinical features, laboratory serological tests and surgical pathology. Results The symptoms of the lung included mainly chest distress, fever, chest pain, cough and expectoration, and dyspnea. The extra pulmonary symptoms included abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, poor appetite, emaciation, both lower extremities asthenia, headache, dizziness, epileptic seizures, and subcutaneous migratory masses. The laboratory examination showed that the eosinophil numbers of serum and pleural effusion of all the thirty patients were increased, and the eggs of Paragonimus westermani were found by the stool tests in four cases. The chest CT tests found abnormal nodules, ground glass changes, insect damages, pleural effusion, "tunnel" signs, and "halo" signs. Cranial CT and MRI showed intracranial hemorrhage foci, and extensive "finger-like" edema. Abdominal CT showed serpentine deformation and “tunnel” signs in the hepatic and spleen capsules. Conclusions Paragonimiasis westermani is a multiple organ system involved infection, and it has complex and varied clinical manifestations. The "tunnel" sign and serpentine deformations in the intracranial part, lung, liver and spleen are important imaging manifestations of the disease.
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Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of pulmonary and extra pulmonary paragonimiasis westermani. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 30 patients diagnosed by clinical features, laboratory serological tests and surgical pathology. Results The symptoms of the lung included mainly chest distress, fever, chest pain, cough and expectoration, and dyspnea. The extra pulmonary symptoms included abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, poor appetite, emaciation, both lower extremities asthenia, headache, dizziness, epileptic seizures, and subcutaneous migratory masses. The laboratory examination showed that the eosinophil numbers of serum and pleural effusion of all the thirty patients were increased, and the eggs of Paragonimus westermani were found by the stool tests in four cases. The chest CT tests found abnormal nodules, ground glass changes, insect damages, pleural effusion, "tunnel" signs, and "halo" signs. Cranial CT and MRI showed intracranial hemorrhage foci, and extensive "finger-like" edema. Abdominal CT showed serpentine deformation and “tunnel” signs in the hepatic and spleen capsules. Conclusions Paragonimiasis westermani is a multiple organ system involved infection, and it has complex and varied clinical manifestations. The "tunnel" sign and serpentine deformations in the intracranial part, lung, liver and spleen are important imaging manifestations of the disease.
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To explore the role of miR-31-5p/STAT3 in the pathogenesis of colitis-assosiated cancer (CAC) and the intervention mechanism of Huangqi Baizhu decoction. Methods The CAC model of C57BL/6 mice was established by AOM/DSS method. The differential expression of MicroRNA in control and CAC mice was detected. qPCR was used to screen differential MicroRNAs; Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of STAT3 , p-STAT3 and IL-6Ra. Results AOM was injected into abdominal cavity once, combined with 3% DSS free drinking for three cycles to establish model. After eight weeks, moderate and/or severe dysplasia of colonic mucosa appeared in model mice. After detection, the expression of miR-31-5p and STAT3 and p-STAT3 proteins significantly increased. After intervention with Huangqi Baizhu decoction, the expressions of miR-31-5p and STAT3 and p-STAT3 proteins were down-regulated. In vitro, miR-31-5p over-expression in RAW264. 7 by transfect method, and the expression of STAT3 protein increased significantly compared with that of control. On the other hand, stimulated by IL-6 or TNF-a for 24 h, miR-31-5p levels were up-regulated significantly, suggesting that inflammatory factors could cause a positive correlation between miR-31-5p/STAT3. At the same time, ATRII + AST (atractylodesin II + astragaloside) mixture significantly down-regulated miR-31-5p, STAT3, IL-6Ra increase induced by IL-6 stimulation. Conclusions miR-31-5p/STAT3 forms a positive feedback loop, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CAC. miR-31-5p/STAT3 may continue to amplify the inflammation effect and eventually lead to the dysplasia of colonic epithelium and even tumorigenesis.
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[Objective]To study the change of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography(aEEG)and the relationship with neurological prognosis in children with brain injury.[Methods]This study included 100 brain injured children,100 normal children as the control group. Quantitative aEEG in frontal,temporal,parietal and central lobe were compared. The aEEG in brain injured chil?dren were reexamined after 1 week. The follow-up was observed after 3 months and pediatric cerebral performance category score (PCPC)was recorded for each patient.[Results]The 2-12 months group frontal and temporal lower margin amplitude were signifi?cantly increased,P<0.05,bandwidth in frontal,temporal and central channels were significantly decreased,P<0.05. In 13-35 months group all lower and upper margin amplitudes were significantly higher in brain injury group than normal control group ,P<0.05. In 36-71 months group,frontal,temporal,parietal and central lower margin amplitude were significantly increased,P<0.05. However,only upper margin amplitude in frontal and parietal lobe were significantly different,P<0.05. In 72-155 months group,the lower margin amplitude of frontal,central,parietal and temporal channels were significantly increased,P<0.05;the upper margin amplitude of frontal,central,parietal channels were significantly different,P<0.05;the bandwidth were significantly different in fron? tal and parietal channels,P<0.05. In 156-216 months group,the lower and upper margin amplitude of frontal,central,parietal and temporal channels were significantly increased ,P<0.05;the bandwidth were significantly different in frontal channel ,P<0.05.Correla?tion analysis shows that the PCPC after 3 months was significantly correlated to upper and lower voltage of parietal channels,r=0.222, 0.219,respectively.[Conclusion]The lower margin amplitude in brain injured children were changed,and the early aEEG of pari?etal channel have predict value for early prognosis.
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OBJECTIVE: To synthesize a new drug delivery system of polyaldehyde Dex coupled with SA-10-HCPT and to study the HCPT release in vitro and the anti-tumor activity in vivo. METHODS: The new drug delivery system was prepared by polyaldehyde Dex coupled with SA-HCPT, grafted with mPEG-adipic dihydrazide monohydrazone and cross-linked with adipic dihydrazide. RESULTS: The conjugate formed micelle with a diameter of 100 nm in water,which could achieve passive targeting of tumor tissue concentration. The drug loading efficiency achieved 5.63%. The drug release processes accorded with kinetic equation Rc=Atn1/(B+Ctn2) in the buffer solution. The release rate of HCPT from this conjugate in pH 5.4 buffer was much higher than that in the environment of pH 7.4 and pH 4.5. The tumor inhibition of the conjugate was similar to that of HCPT while the toxicity in vivo was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION: The structure of the conjugate is unstable in acidic environment, and the drug is released pH-sensitively. The mice survival rate is significantly improved because of the significant slow-release property. Therefore, the conjugate can be developed as a novel prodrug.
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Objective To explore the relationship of sensation seeking,self-efficacy,deviant peers and refusal skills related to strategy on drugs among middle school students.Methods A total of 502 students from two high schools and two vocational schools in Baise city were recruited with age distribution between 14 and 20 years.The study objects were asked to fill the sensation seeking scale,the general self-efficacy scale questionnaire on drug refusal strategies and behavior among peers.Results ( 1 ) Adolescents were more likely to use the Refuse (78.29％) and Leave strategy (77.89％) for initial drug offers and follow-up drug offers; (2)The general self-efficacy was negatively associated with the Explain and Leave strategies for initial drug offers and Explain strategy for follow-up drug offers.Sensation seeking was negatively related to the strategies on Explain and Leave for initial drug offers and follow-up drug offers.Peer influence was positively associated with both Refuse and Leave strategies for initial drug offers and follow-up drug offers; (3)Results from the logistic regression analysis showed that self-efficacy and sensation seeking were significant variables that could predict the results from the use of Explain strategy (β =-0.055 and -0.029 ) for both initial drug refusals and follow-up drug refusals and the use of Leave strategy(β =-0.057 and-0.041 ) for initial drug refusals.Conclusion There were significant effects of sensation seeking and self-efficacy in predicting Explain or Leave strategies for drug refusals among middle students.
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Objective To understand the relationship of tendency on drug abuse and related influencing factors for middle school students.Methods A total of 603 students wcre assessed with self-made copying style scale,consciousness to resistance of smoking,drinking and resistance ability through a questionnaire.A relationship model was set up by structure equation modeling.Results Copying style and resistance ability had significantly direct influence on tendency of drug abuse(with standardized coefficients were 0.202 and 0.092 respectively).Consciousness to resistance of smoking and drinking had significantly indirect influence on tendency of drug abuse.The goodneSS of fit for the structural equation model was satisfactory,with GFI,AGFI,RMSEA as 0.981,0.972 and 0.014 respectively.Conclusion It Was meaningful to grasp some copying skills and resistance ability to lower the tendency of drug abuse in middle school students.